{"id":37796,"date":"2020-07-13T14:38:44","date_gmt":"2020-07-13T13:38:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oxforditrc.wpengine.com\/?page_id=37796"},"modified":"2020-09-24T20:14:37","modified_gmt":"2020-09-24T19:14:37","slug":"demand","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/themes\/energy\/demand\/","title":{"rendered":"Energy Demand Simulation Model"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#636363″ background_color_gradient_direction=”160deg” background_image=”https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/energy-e1593364327475.jpg” background_blend=”multiply” custom_margin=”||||false|false” animation_style=”fade”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_font_size=”35px” background_layout=”dark”]<\/p>\n

THEMES \/ ENERGY \/<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n

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ENERGY DEMAND<\/h1>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row module_id=”navigation-strip” _builder_version=”4.2.2″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_4_font=”||||||||” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”17px”]<\/p>\n

The energy demand simulation model is a tool for projection various types of long-term energy demands on a highly spatial and temporal scale.<\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ custom_margin=”-24px|auto||auto||” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” link_option_url=”#navigation-strip”][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″][et_pb_button button_url=”#introduction” button_text=”Introduction” button_alignment=”center” module_class=”full-width-btn” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_layout=”dark”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″][et_pb_button button_url=”#results” button_text=”Results” module_class=”full-width-btn” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ positioning=”relative” background_layout=”dark”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″][et_pb_button button_url=”#applications” button_text=”Applications” module_class=”full-width-btn” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_layout=”dark”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″][et_pb_button button_url=”#datasets” button_text=”Datasets” button_alignment=”center” module_class=”full-width-btn” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_layout=”dark”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_5″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″][et_pb_button button_url=”#publications” button_text=”Publications” button_alignment=”center” module_class=”full-width-btn” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_layout=”dark”][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”introduction” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_enable_color=”off” animation_direction=”left” z_index_tablet=”500″ border_color_all=”#ffffff” border_width_top=”20px” border_width_right=”20px” border_width_left=”20px” border_width_top_tablet=”20px” border_width_top_phone=”20px” border_width_right_tablet=”20px” border_width_right_phone=”20px” border_width_left_tablet=”20px” border_width_left_phone=”20px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” locked=”off”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″ custom_padding=”||30px|||” animation_style=”slide” animation_direction=”left” animation_intensity_slide=”4%”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_font_size=”35px” background_layout=”dark”]<\/p>\n

ENERGY DEMAND<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_font_size=”35px” header_3_font=”|700||on|||||” header_3_text_color=”#3c3c3c” header_4_text_color=”#3c3c3c” background_layout=”dark” custom_margin=”-40px|||||”]<\/p>\n

INTRODUCTION<\/h3>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″ custom_padding=”0px|||||”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_text_color=”#fe6223″ header_4_font_size=”19px” header_4_line_height=”1.7em” header_5_text_color=”#fe6223″ max_width=”100%” custom_margin=”|-384px||||” custom_padding=”|0px||||”]The energy demand model allows the simulation of long-term changes in energy demand patterns for the residential, service and industry sector on a high temporal and spatial scale across the United Kingdom. The model allows the simulation of innovative technologies and policies, and their diffusion across space and time. It considers socio-technical trends and simulates the demand for different fuel types such as hydrogen, gas and electricity for alternative futures.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_button button_url=”#navigation-strip” button_text=”Back to top” button_alignment=”right” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ custom_button=”on” button_text_size=”14px” button_border_radius=”60px” button_font=”|700|||||||” button_icon=”%%0%%” button_icon_color=”#ffffff” button_on_hover=”off” background_layout=”dark”]
\n[\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”results” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#f1f9fa” custom_padding=”||60px|||” animation_direction=”left” z_index_tablet=”500″ border_color_all=”#ffffff” border_width_top=”20px” border_width_right=”20px” border_width_left=”20px” border_width_top_tablet=”20px” border_width_top_phone=”20px” border_width_right_tablet=”20px” border_width_right_phone=”20px” border_width_left_tablet=”20px” border_width_left_phone=”20px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″ custom_padding=”||30px|||” animation_style=”slide” animation_direction=”left” animation_intensity_slide=”4%”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_font_size=”35px” background_layout=”dark”]<\/p>\n

ENERGY DEMAND<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_font_size=”35px” header_3_font=”|700||on|||||” header_3_text_color=”#3c3c3c” header_4_text_color=”#3c3c3c” background_layout=”dark” custom_margin=”-40px|||||”]<\/p>\n

RESULTS<\/h3>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″ custom_padding=”||30px|||” animation_style=”slide” animation_direction=”left” animation_intensity_slide=”4%”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ text_text_color=”#fe6223″ header_text_color=”#fe6223″ header_4_font_size=”19px” header_4_line_height=”1.7em” header_5_text_color=”#fe6223″ max_width=”100%” custom_margin=”|-384px||||” custom_padding=”|0px||||”]<\/p>\n

The demand for energy will need to undergo significant change in order to achieve emission goals and to transition towards future sustainable energy systems. The future of demand of energy is however highly uncertain. Whereas existing models mainly simulate future energy demands on a national and annual scale, we simulate energy demands on a high spatio-temporal resolution. Because drivers of energy demand such as population are highly spatial in nature, capturing changes in energy demands on a regional scale enables local energy systems planning.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,2_3″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ make_equal=”on” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” custom_margin=”||50px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#d6d6d6″ border_width_bottom=”5px” border_color_bottom=”#006f74″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#006f74″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true”][et_pb_blurb _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_layout=”dark”]Our high-resolution modelling captures considerable regional variation in energy demands which have so far mainly not been able to capture (Figure 1).[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#ffffff” custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/energy-demand_fig_1.png” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.2.2″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_blurb content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ text_orientation=”center” custom_padding=”20px||||false|false”]<\/p>\n

Figure 1: Change in total electricity demand (Source: Eggimann et al. 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,2_3″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ make_equal=”on” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#ffffff” custom_margin=”||50px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#d6d6d6″ border_width_bottom=”5px” border_color_bottom=”#006f74″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#006f74″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true”][et_pb_blurb _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_layout=”dark”]Capturing hourly peak demand enables to analyse the change in peak demands, which are crucial for dimensioning of the energy system.<\/p>\n

Results show considerable change in future energy peak demands depending on drivers of energy demand (Figure 2).<\/p>\n

Including weather variability shows that weather has a considerable influence on electricity peak demand.[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/energy-demand_fig_2-e1594649776924.png” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.2.2″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_blurb content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ text_orientation=”center” custom_padding=”20px||||false|false”]<\/p>\n

Figure 2: Change in peak electricity demand considering different degrees of electrification, showing a peak increase of up to twice of current electricity demands. Weather variability is indicated with shaded area (source: Eggimann et al. 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,2_3″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ make_equal=”on” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#ffffff” custom_margin=”||50px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#d6d6d6″ border_width_bottom=”5px” border_color_bottom=”#006f74″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#006f74″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true”][et_pb_blurb _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_layout=”dark”]The hourly resolution of modelled energy demand allows to simulate demand side management opportunities (Figure 3).<\/p>\n

We simulate that total peak electricity demand could be reduced by fully managed heat pumps profiles by 0.2\u20135.8 GW (0.4\u201311.1%).[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/energy-demand_fig_3-e1594649994783.png” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.2.2″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_blurb content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ text_orientation=”center” custom_padding=”20px||||false|false”]<\/p>\n

Figure 3:\u00a0<\/span>Simulating demand side management for large-scale heat pump diffusion considering a managed load profile (left: electricity, right: gas) (source: Eggimann et al. 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_button button_url=”#navigation-strip” button_text=”Back to top” button_alignment=”right” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ custom_button=”on” button_text_size=”14px” button_border_radius=”60px” button_font=”|700|||||||” button_icon=”%%0%%” button_icon_color=”#ffffff” button_on_hover=”off” background_layout=”dark”]
\n[\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”applications” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#006f74″ custom_padding=”||60px|||” animation_direction=”left” z_index_tablet=”500″ border_color_all=”#ffffff” border_width_top=”20px” border_width_right=”20px” border_width_left=”20px” border_width_top_tablet=”20px” border_width_top_phone=”20px” border_width_right_tablet=”20px” border_width_right_phone=”20px” border_width_left_tablet=”20px” border_width_left_phone=”20px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″ custom_padding=”||30px|||” animation_style=”slide” animation_direction=”left” animation_intensity_slide=”4%”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_font_size=”35px” background_layout=”dark”]<\/p>\n

ENERGY DEMAND<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_font_size=”35px” header_3_font=”|700||on|||||” header_3_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” background_layout=”dark” custom_margin=”-40px|||||”]<\/p>\n

APPLICATIONS<\/h3>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″ custom_padding=”||30px|||” animation_style=”slide” animation_direction=”left” animation_intensity_slide=”4%”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ text_text_color=”#ffffff” header_text_color=”#fe6223″ header_4_font_size=”19px” header_4_line_height=”1.7em” header_5_text_color=”#fe6223″ max_width=”100%” custom_margin=”|-384px||||” custom_padding=”|0px||||”]The energy demand model allows the simulation of long-term changes in energy demand patterns for the residential, service and industry sector on a high temporal and spatial scale across the United Kingdom. It allows the parametrisation of innovative technologies and policies, and their diffusion across space and time. The model focusing on socio-technical trends and simulates the effect of alternative infrastructure futures on the demand for different fuels such as hydrogen, gas and electricity.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ make_equal=”on” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#ffffff” custom_margin=”50px||50px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” border_color_all=”#006f74″ border_color_bottom=”#969696″][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#f1f9fa” custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true”][et_pb_blurb _builder_version=”4.2.2″]<\/p>\n

Energy demands are decomposed in different end-uses and sectors, based on national energy demand statistics. Demand is projected based on a set of scenario drivers such as population, gross value added or temperatures. A building stock representation is included in the model. <\/span><\/p>\n

Energy demands are spatially disaggregated to about 400 regions with the help of different disaggregation factors such as floor area. Wherever possible, a bottom-up approach relying on measuring trial data is implemented for hourly energy demand modelling for specific technologies or enduses. <\/span><\/p>\n

The spatial and temporal disaggregation methodology is validated. The simulated demand projections serve foremostly as a key input for energy supply models in order to optimize future energy systems.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

Main assumptions \/ Key Features<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Innovative spatio-temporal high resolution energy demand simulation (regional and hourly).<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Simulates future residential, service and industrial energy demand for various end uses.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Model is able to include weather variability.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Mixture of bottom-up and top down simulating methodology using national energy demand statistics and actual specific load profiles.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • The model allows embedding regional changes in energy demand for different fuel carriers such as electricity, gas or hydrogen.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • The model has and underlying building stock representation, particularly reflecting changes due to different housing and population scenarios.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    [\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/energy-e1587925747555.png” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.2.2″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_blurb content_max_width=”1100px” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ text_orientation=”center” custom_padding=”20px||||false|false”]<\/p>\n

    Figure 4:\u00a0<\/span>Modelling methodology overview. i) national energy demands are assigned to regions. (ii) energy demands are projected into the future based on drivers of energy demand. (iii) Annual energy demand is converted to hourly demands.<\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_button button_url=”#navigation-strip” button_text=”Back to top” button_alignment=”right” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ custom_button=”on” button_text_size=”14px” button_border_radius=”60px” button_font=”|700|||||||” button_icon=”%%0%%” button_icon_color=”#ffffff” button_on_hover=”off” background_layout=”dark”]
    \n[\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ module_id=”datasets” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#f1f9fa” animation_direction=”left” z_index_tablet=”500″ border_color_all=”#ffffff” border_width_top=”20px” border_width_right=”20px” border_width_left=”20px” border_width_top_tablet=”20px” border_width_top_phone=”20px” border_width_right_tablet=”20px” border_width_right_phone=”20px” border_width_left_tablet=”20px” border_width_left_phone=”20px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” locked=”off”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″ custom_padding=”||30px|||” animation_style=”slide” animation_direction=”left” animation_intensity_slide=”4%”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_font_size=”35px” background_layout=”dark”]<\/p>\n

    ENERGY DEMAND<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n

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    DATA REQUIREMENTS<\/h3>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_3,1_3,1_3″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”2″ make_equal=”on” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” custom_margin=”||50px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” border_radii=”on|6px|6px|6px|6px” border_color_all=”#d6d6d6″ border_width_bottom=”0px” border_color_bottom=”#006f74″][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#ffffff” custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” border_radii=”on|6px|6px|6px|6px” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#d6d6d6″ border_width_bottom=”5px” border_color_bottom=”#fe6223″][et_pb_blurb use_icon=”on” font_icon=”%%101%%” icon_color=”#ffffff” use_circle=”on” circle_color=”#006f74″ use_icon_font_size=”on” icon_font_size=”30px” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ text_orientation=”center”]<\/p>\n

    National energy demand statistics <\/span><\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#ffffff” custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” border_radii=”on|6px|6px|6px|6px” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#d6d6d6″ border_width_bottom=”5px” border_color_bottom=”#fe6223″][et_pb_blurb use_icon=”on” font_icon=”%%160%%” icon_color=”#ffffff” use_circle=”on” circle_color=”#006f74″ use_icon_font_size=”on” icon_font_size=”30px” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ text_orientation=”center”]<\/p>\n

    Daily minimum and maximum temperatures<\/span><\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_3″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#ffffff” custom_padding=”30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true” border_radii=”on|6px|6px|6px|6px” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”#d6d6d6″ border_width_bottom=”5px” border_color_bottom=”#fe6223″][et_pb_blurb use_icon=”on” font_icon=”%%167%%” icon_color=”#ffffff” use_circle=”on” circle_color=”#006f74″ use_icon_font_size=”on” icon_font_size=”30px” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ text_orientation=”center”]<\/p>\n

    Hourly load profiles per end-use, technology or sector<\/span><\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_button button_url=”#navigation-strip” button_text=”Back to top” button_alignment=”right” _builder_version=”4.2.2″ custom_button=”on” button_text_size=”14px” button_border_radius=”60px” button_font=”|700|||||||” button_icon=”%%0%%” button_icon_color=”#ffffff” button_on_hover=”off” background_layout=”dark”]
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    ENERGY DEMAND<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n

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    PUBLICATIONS<\/h3>\n

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    ENERGY DEMAND<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n

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    CASE STUDIES<\/h3>\n

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    RESEARCH THEMES<\/h3>\n

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    ENERGY<\/h6>\n

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    TRANSPORT<\/h6>\n

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    WATER<\/h6>\n

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    DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS<\/h6>\n

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    DEMOGRAPHICS<\/h6>\n

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    URBAN
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    ECONOMICS<\/h6>\n

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    INFRASTRUCTURE
    GOVERNANCE<\/h6>\n

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    NISMOD<\/h6>\n

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    RISK AND
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    RESEARCH SOFTWARE ENGINEERING<\/h6>\n

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    DATABASES<\/h6>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    [et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″ background_color=”#636363″ background_color_gradient_direction=”160deg” background_image=”https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/energy-e1593364327475.jpg” background_blend=”multiply” custom_margin=”||||false|false” animation_style=”fade”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.26.6″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_font_size=”35px” background_layout=”dark”] THEMES \/ ENERGY \/ [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_font_size=”35px” background_layout=”dark” custom_margin=”-40px|||||”] ENERGY DEMAND [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row module_id=”navigation-strip” _builder_version=”4.2.2″][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.2.2″][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.2.2″ header_4_font=”||||||||” header_4_text_color=”#ffffff” header_4_font_size=”17px”] The energy demand simulation model is a tool for projection various types of long-term energy demands on a highly spatial […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"parent":36136,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37796","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37796","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37796"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37796\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40261,"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/37796\/revisions\/40261"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/36136"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37796"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37796"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.itrc.org.uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37796"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}